1.Ans:

The transformer manufactured by the company has the following specifications:

Primary Coil Turns: 200 turns

Secondary Coil Turns: 100 turns

This transformer is a step-down transformer because it has more turns in the primary coil than in the secondary coil. This configuration reduces the voltage from the primary to the secondary.

2.Ans:

To find the secondary voltage when 50 V DC is applied to the primary coil, we can use the transformer voltage formula:

$\frac{ N_p}{N_s}$ = $\frac{ V_p}{V_s}$

Given:

Number of primary windings ( \(\rm N_p\) )= \(\rm 200\) 

Number of secondary coils ( \(\rm N_s\))=  \(\rm 100\) 

Primary Voltage( \(\rm V_p\) )=  \(\rm 50V\) 

Secondary Voltage( \(\rm V_s\) )= ?

$\frac{ N_p}{N_s}$ = $\frac{ V_p}{V_s}$

\(\rm or, \) $\frac{200}{100}$ = $\frac{ 50}{V_s}$

\(\rm or, \) $\frac{ 2}{1}$ = $\frac{50 }{V_s}$

\(\rm or, \) \(\rm V_s \)   = $\frac{50 }{2}$

\(\rm or, \) \(\rm V_s \)   = \(\rm 25 \) 

Thus, the secondary voltage will be 25 V.

3.Ans:

In an ideal transformer, the relation between input and output energy is given by the principle of conservation of energy. The power input to the primary coil equals the power output from the secondary coil, assuming no losses:

\(\rm P_{in}\)=\(\rm P_{out}\)

4.Ans:

Step-down transformers, like the one described, are commonly used in daily life for various applications, including:

• Charger Adapters: They are used in adapters for charging devices such as mobile phones and laptops by converting high voltage AC from wall outlets to lower voltage DC suitable for charging.
• Power Supplies: They provide lower voltages for household appliances and electronic devices that require a specific voltage level for safe operation.