Twelve > Electrical Circuits
State the two Kirchoff's laws for electrical circuits.
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Solution
Kirchhoff's Current Law (KCL):
This law states that the total current entering a junction in an electrical circuit is equal to the total current leaving the junction.
i.e. $$i_{in} = i_{out}$$
$$\sum_{k=1}^{n} i_k = 0$$
Where:
- $i_k$ represents the current flowing into or out of the node or junction.
- n is the total number of currents at the node.
Kirchhoff's Voltage Law (KVL):
This law states that the total voltage around any closed loop in an electrical circuit is equal to the sum of the voltage drops within that loop.
i.e. $$\sum_{k=1}^{n} V_k = 0$$
Where:
- $V_K$ represents the voltage drop or rise across each component in the loop or mesh.
- n is the total number of voltage sources and voltage drops in the loop.
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