The factors, traits, or conditions that are considered during an experiment are called variables. There are different types of variables:

1. Independent Variable: The factor that is changed or manipulated in an experiment.
2. Dependent Variable: The factor that is measured or observed in response to changes in the independent variable.
3. Controlled Variables: These are the factors that are kept constant to ensure that any changes in the dependent variable are due to the independent variable.

Understanding these variables is crucial for designing experiments and analyzing results.